The railway network appeared as a necessity and represented an important element for the general economic development. When the new mean of transport appeared, Romania was crumbled and hardly succeeded to make its way in this domain. And not only due to the historical context. The relief of our country, especially the Carpathian chain, represented a barrier difficult to trespass for the constructors.

The Transilvania region, part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire during that period, benefited earlier from the construction of the railways. Between 1869 and 1873 was finalized the Oradea – Brasov section that made the connection with Vienna and, therefore with the Western European States. The Germans and the Romanians from Barsei county expressed assertively to the Romanian and Hungarian governments their wish that the first railway that should have linked Transilvania with the Romanian Country to pass through Barsov – a big commercial center. For this purpose there had been studied the following passes: Buzau, Oltului, Uzului Valley, Trotus and Predeal.

At 31 May 1874 there was signed, in Bucharest, the convention between the governments of the two countries for the extension of the Oradea – Brasov railway through the Timis – Predeal pass and for the construction of the railway Brasov – Predeal. The Romanian party had the obligation to continue the section to Ploiesti. The deadline for finishing the works had been established for 15 August 1878 but the break out of the war in 1877 stopped the works. During this period, Anghel Saligny took care of the consolidation of the works of art on Prahova Valley. The route implied the construction of five tunnels that were finalized between 1876 – 1879 by the companies Leo Guilloux and Gergershon – Bandenson, out of which three on Prahova Valley: Posada Mare (139 m), Posada Mica (56 m) abandoned in 1940 and Busteni, suppressed in 1961. These had been the first tunnels for railways built Romania by Italian stonecutters, with domestic materials (crumbled stone and cut stone).

Between Predeal and Timisul de Sus there had been built, in bricks, the following tunnels: Tunelul Mare(937 m), and Tunelul Mic (104 m) that currently operational together with two others (finalized in 1940) that had been imposed by the doubling of the Campina – Predeal railway.

At 26 May 1879 it was put into circulation the first train for realizing the technical tests of the rails from Brasov to Predeal and return. At 10 June 1879 started the regular circulation for the passengers and freight trains on the Brasov – Predeal – Ploiesti railway, while the section Sinaia – Campina was to be opened at 1^st December 1879. Until then, between these two towns the transport of the passengers and of the luggage was made with carriages in order to realize the connection with the trains that were circulating. The price of the transport with the carriage was included in the price of the CFR ticket.

The difference of altitude between the stations of this route is high: from 152 m (Ploiesti Sud) at 430 m (Campina), 820 m (Sinaia), 1054 m (Predeal) and 565 m (Brasov). This fact rose difficulties for the rail constructors as well as for their administrators. On their way to Predeal, the only station in Romania situated at such a high altitude, the trains were sometimes towed by four steam locomotives. Than, between Predeal and Brasov the rail descends to 565 m, representing a region with a pretty high number of accidents; a number of train run off the rails, producing victims and many material damages.

The Ploiesti, Campina, Predeal, Sinaia and Brasov stations were built at the end of the last century. The Ploiesti station (presently, Ploiesti Sud) was inaugurated at 13 September 1872 and at 15 May 1931, Ploiesti Vest. This represented the main transit point for the goods and for the border point of the railway that connected the two states, Romania and Austria – Hungary. At Sinaia, there are two buildings named the Royal Station: The old one finalized in 1886 and the New Royal Station, built between 1938 – 1940, according to the plans of the architect Duiliu Marcu that also projected the Library of the Romanian Academy, The Athenee Palace Hotel, the Opera House in Timisoara and the CFR Palace in Bucharest.

The old Brasov Station was officially inaugurated at 1^st June 1873 and deserved seven directions. In the same time was built the depot for locomotives and the repair facility for locomotives and wagons. The station was destroyed during the bombardment in 1941, which imposed a new construction, with another location.

The Ploiesti – Brasov railway is among the most beautiful ones in Romania and, in the same time, an important railway for the commercial connections between East and West, being the first trans - Carpathian railway that connected Romania with the Central European Countries. It was also the first electrified railway in Romania (1965 Brasov – Predeal, 1966 Predeal – Campina and 1969 to Bucharest).

At 26 June 1999, the National Railway Company CFR SA organized a series of manifestations at the level of the Railway Regional CF Brasov and Bucharest, to celebrate the anniversary of 120 years since the inauguration of the Ploiesti – Brasov railway.

In Campina station an epoch train has been formed with wagons built in 1938 and towed by a steam locomotive series 150.025, manufactured in 1936. This train circulated to Brasov, remaking a route that used to be made regularly more than a century ago. The minister of transports – Traian Basescu, the secretary of state – Adrian Marinescu, the president of the National Railway Company CFR SA – Viorel Simut, the directors of the Railway Regional CF Brasov and Bucharest and other local personalities have participated to the event. In each of the stations situated on the itinerary (i.e. Campina, Sinaia, Predeal and Brasov) there were organized festivities, the retired railway persons have been rewarded for their activity and the speeches delivered evoked the past of the railways and presented, of course, the plans for the future. One of the most important projects announced by the minister Traian Basescu was the beginning of the upgrading program of the Bucharest – Brasov railway section, the most important one since the building of this rail. The value of the investment is of ECU 200 million, funds obtained through an EBRD credit.